Vol 24, no 1 2020 open access subscription or fee access. Traditional extension systems focus on increasing agricultural productivity, use a topdown approach and often emphasise the transfer of technology. Get the latest books from publishers such as asia tech publications, teri press, phi learning at best price. Socialcognitive factors influencing household decisions to grow orangefleshed sweet potato in uganda. Emerging agricultural extension approach among local ghanaian. Pdf current concepts and approaches in agricultural extension. Extension approaches of selected development organizations.
Pdf agricultural extension approaches to enhance the. The first two approaches have been applied in the past, while the general agricultural extension approach is the current extension approach. Buy agriculture extension textbooks, lecture notes, sample papers online at kopykitab. It is expected that extension programmes will help increase farm productivity, farm revenue, reduce poverty and minimize food insecurity.
Second, the poor performance of some public extension programs, as reflected by the slow adoption of extension messages, has spurred the search for alternative approaches to improve extension services. Agricultural extension is an important tool for rural development, especially in less industrialized counties extension workers play a vital role in educating farmers to produce better crops and more productive animals at lower cost. If we think of learning methods instead of teaching methods, we will be able to choose methods which the learners will be able to continue to use between classes, out of class, when we are not present. Pdf many different agricultural extension models have been utilized in. Pdf on feb 20, 2018, kamalpreet kaur and others published agricultural extension approaches to.
Byrnes, usda economic integration and free trade advisor, usaid. Many different agricultural extension models have been utilized in developing countries in order to bring about rural development. Jones is senior lecturer, agricultural extension and rural development department, and chris garforth is senior lecturer and head of the agricultural extension and rural development department, both at the university of reading, united kingdom. Agricultural extension and its effects on farm productivity. During the 1960s and 1970s, staterun, statefunded agricultural extension and advisory services played a key role in increasing agricultural productivity.
Analysis of extension systems in uganda for identification of. Current concepts and approaches in agricultural extension in. Although the following classification, made primarily for agriculture, is not complete and the distinctions between the types are not absolute, it gives an idea of the possibilities and opportunities that exist for the extension planner and for the policy and decisionmaker at the national level. Current concepts and approaches in agricultural extension. These other extension methods were often used in combination with the f2f.
Approaches to agricultural extension delivery the general agricultural extension approach, training and visit approach, farming systems research approach. Feb 04, 2017 innovative extension approaches in india 1. Transformation of agricultural extension under participatory district planning. Training manual for extension staff and farmers list of contributors no. The innovative extension approach should be on capacity building, peoples participation along. For example, the whole farm extension approach, integrated agricultural development approach, and training and visit approach were more prevalent in the 1980s and 1990s nasep, 2012, p. This chapter outlines the main extension methods which can be used and contains some guidance on how to choose appropriate methods for different target groups. Uwe jens nagel is a professor of agricultural extension and communication.
Agricultural extension activity is important agrarianpolitical instrument of the state which stimulates the development of agricultural production. Dimensions of agriculture extension pdf book agrimoon. This model for extension, however, is becoming outdated in the more competitive, marketoriented climate of todays agriculture. Indeed, the best form of extension teaching is one when the learners are learning on their own. Some of the trends like the recognition of the importance of farmers itk, strengthening of. Effective extension approaches for sustainable agricultural. Extension education theoretical framework extension manual em 0220 with criterion referenced assessment tools for more information on this and other topics visit the university of maryland extension website at. Agricultural extension is the application of scientific research and new knowledge to agricultural practices through farmer education.
Ppt agricultural extension powerpoint presentation free. Agricultural extension service has to be competent in agricultural skills, to communicate efficiently with producers and stimulate them to acquire new knowledge. National agricultural extension systems reform initiative. In agricultural extension, there are also certain principles on which the subject matter is based on. Name title institution 1 dr hussein mansoor asst director crop research mafcdrd 2 prof. Oct 19, 2018 in agricultural dependent economies, extension programmes have been the main conduit for disseminating information on farm technologies, support rural adult learning and assist farmers in developing their farm technical and managerial skills. Global approaches to extension practice gaep, a publication of the department of agricultural extension, federal university of technology, owerri, imo state, nigeria is an international journal which considers articles from all areas of agricultural extension. Agricultural extension manual for extension workers. The field of extension now encompasses a wider range of communication and learning activities organized for rural people by educators from different disciplines, including agriculture, agricultural marketing, health, and business studies. Marandu plant breeder mafc drd 5 said yongolo asst director. Jun 22, 2015 the birth of modern agricultural extension services the first agricultural extension service of a modem kind came into existence as the result of a crisis and the initiative of the occupant of a high office of authority. The general agricultural extension approach is the. In africa there is an estimated 1 extension worker per 4,000 farmers, compared with 1 per 200 hundred farmers in developed countries. Importance of agricultural extension evidence from many countries show that agricultural extension is a propoor public investment.
Alternative models have emerged that recognise other actors than. The contents are provided free for noncommercial purpose such as teaching, training, research, extension and self learning. Agricultural extension is an ongoing process that communicate useful information to the people and assist them to use the information or technology to improve the quality of their life, their families and communities. To discuss history of agricultural extension in the world and. The crisis was the outbreak of potato blight in europe in 1845. In this chapter, extension approaches are presented in terms of their most important organizational forms and their respective goals. These principles guide the agricultural extension officer and service provider to work in an organized way to ensure smooth flow of agricultural extension service at the door step of farmers. The new edition continues to present basic principles which can be applied to all situations, but has been revised to take account of the changes that have. The type of service, and the way in which it is provided, is given in two ways extension events planned in advance which form the annual extension plan.
Cost sharing cost recovery approach, commodity specific approach, farmer field schools, convergence of sciences and innovation systems approaches. In kenya, numerous approaches have been tried with varying success. The ethiopian extension system uses ftcsbased agricultural extension approach, coupled with farmer groups such as oneinfive and development units which are considered to be an entry point for the grassroots extension services and for the bottom up extension approach. Analysis of extension systems in uganda for identification of suitable extension approaches for scalingup trees for food security project in eastern uganda joel buyinza, jude sekatuba, hillary agaba, ruth kinuthia and evelyne kiptot. Agricultural extension is the term used to describe the process by which rural people are persuaded. Current extension service models, what works and what does. Agricultural and rural extension worldwide food and agriculture. Participation in social group and wellbeing status of rural women in oyo. Building on the previous editions, communication for rural innovation maintains and adapts the insights and conceptual models of value today, while reflecting many new ideas, angles and modes of thinking concerning how agricultural. However, structural adjustment programmes during the 1980s and 1990s led to a significant decline in the funds available and farmers suffered as a result. Agricultural extension strategy whose vision is to ensure ideal conditions for the dissemination and exchange of information between producers, farmer organizations and other different partners in order to transform and to modernise the agricultural sector so that. Chapter 2 alternative approaches to organizing extension. Ppt extension teaching methods hudu zakaria academia. The proportion of agriculture budgets allocated to extension services varies from country to country, for example, from 5% in zambia to 50% in.
Agriculture extension books pdf, lecture notes, sample papers. Henry mahoo irrigation and water resources expert sua morogoro 3 dr. Agricultural extension and rural development has released its issue. If you are facing any problem than fill form contact us. Enhancing farmers and agricultural workers livelihoods is essential to addressing rural. Principles of agricultural extension arid agriculture. Sustainable agricultural development is very important for the security of rural livelihood. The basic philosophy of agricultural extension as well as methods of operation have. Driven approaches to agriculture extension citeseerx. The family is the first training group of the human race.